Event: Kota-cho International Cultural Exchange Party, Organized by Kotacho-International Association (KIA)
Video by: Samphy
Performed by Bang Panha, Samphors, Chhunhieng, Bang Hun, Kanharith and Sokyeng. Thanks for their valuable contribution and effort. I am very pround of you all.
Categories: General Post
Categories: Personal Folder
In Japanese society, they said when we enter work and business sphere we should try to build good background from the begining for the benefit of future. The following is a kind of test used to eveluate yourself. From which you can score yourself and see how good you are at understanding the atmoshpere around you. I have got this from Sensei while attending a business class prepare for an internship. I do found it worth to share, please visit http://www5.big.or.jp/~seraph/zero/ky.cgi to score yourself, it would be uesful if you wish to work with Japanse people. However, the evlaution is completely in Japanese. The following are my translation for the 24 points:
1- What you want to say is not accept by others
自分がこうだと思ったら頑として譲らないたちだ.
2-In the case where the atmosphere is becoming bad you are able to chage topic and improve the atmopshere.
場が気まずい雰囲気になった時にすぐに別の話題を投げることで雰囲気を変えることができる。
3-You are the type of person where in the event of official meeting you feel discourage to express your idea.
大勢の会議や打ち合わせでは黙っていて余り発言しない方だ。
4-You have to ability to understand other people’s feeling without hearing them said it out
相手の表情やしぐさから口には出さない本音を読み取ることが得意だ。
5-While having conversation with friends you always go directly to the main topic
友達との会話ではいつも話の中心にいる
6-In the case where you are so exited you burst and shout out.
ついかっとなって声を荒立ててしまうことがある
7-You are able to give the right answer to your partner easily
質問に対して相手の期待されている答えを返すことは容易だ
8-Frequently while joining nomikai or compa party you would can not put yourself in that place
合コンや飲み会では、場のノリについていけないことがよくある
9-After understood the blog of net page of other you try to express your own idea
ネットの掲示板やブログでの議論ではこれまでの話の流れをよく理解した上で発言するようにしている
10-Without hearing the words, by looking at other people eyes or their face and change You can adjust their feeling accordingly.
喋らなくても目や表情だけで相手の気持ちを動かすことができる
11-While in the middle of talking just by lookin at your partner face you can guess the Yes or No answer.
話しながら相手の顔色を見て内容やyes/noを切り変えることは得意だ
12-You are the type of person who can hear 1 question but could understand 10 answers.
人の話は大体「1を聞いて10を知る」ことができる
13-It is easy measure the relationship of two people by sitting near in the cafe or having fastfood and conversation.
カフェやファストフード店で隣に座っている2人の会話から、2人の関係を推測することは容易だ
14-To tell the right answer you sometime hurt the feeling of your partner.
正論で人を傷つけてしまうことがある
15-On the train when you know the hobby of your freind you unintentionally say it in loudly.
電車の中で友達と趣味の話をしていると知らず知らず大声で話してしまっていることがある
16-In the party you always feel that you wear cloth which is different from others and spoil the surrounding.
パーティなどの集まりでは他の人が着ていく服装を聞いて浮かないように気をつけている
17-You always want to talk about the thing you like regardless how long it is.
自分の好きな話題ではいくらでも話し続けてしまう
18-You guess the meaning of your partner’s words but still sometime still misunderstand.
相手の言葉を文字通りに受け取ってしまい、問題になることがしばしばある
19-In the meeting of many people, you talk so little but still can understand and classify type of people.
複数人の初対面の集まりでも、少し話せば各人の立ち位置や関係を把握することができる
20-You often cause trouble on other poeple’s idea
他人の発言を遮って話すことがしばしばある
21-You are the type of person who is easily convince with other people’s idea
他人の意見に同調しやすい人間だ
22-Although you don’t know your partner’s topic you are still able to get along with.
自分の知らない方面の話題であっても、相手に合わせて話すことができる
23-You are very good at using polite form (humble and honorific form)
敬語は得意だ
24-Whatever you like or hate you need to talk out otherwise you dont feel safe or enough
自分に対する好意や嫌悪は、はっきりと口に出して言って貰わないと気づかない
This evaluation is based on the socioarc. Go on and test yourself and see how japanese society score you. http://www5.big.or.jp/~seraph/zero/ky.cgi !!!!!
please refer to http://www5.big.or.jp/~seraph/zero/ for detail.
Categories: General Post
If I could change the currents of our lives
To make the river flow where it’s run dry
To be a prodigal of father time
Then I would see you tonight
If I could find the years that went away
Destroying all the cruelty of fate
I must believe that love could find a way
Tonight
Lonely finds me
One day you will come
But I’ll wait for love’s sake
One day to me, love
If I could see beyond the here and now
If you could hear me calling you somehow
If I could know that love is reaching out
To find you with me tonight
Then hope could make these promises come true
Beyond what I could say, what love can do
With every moment leading me to you tonight
Lonely finds me
One day you will come
But I’ll wait for love’s sake
One day to me, love
I will stay forever here to wait for your love
If I could change the currents of our lives
To make the river flow where it’s run dry
To be a prodigal of father time
Then I would see you tonight
Lonely finds me
One day you will come
But I’ll wait for love’s sake
One day to me, love
Lonely finds me
One day you will come
But I’ll wait for love’s sake
One day to me, love
One day to me, love
One day to me, love
I will stay forever here to wait for your love
Categories: General Post
I just read a newspaper about The assocaiton of teacher and worker demanding for higher wage. (For more detail, please refere to radio free asia home page. www.rfa.org). Their agument is their current wage, depsite risen, still cannot overcome high price on the market. Cambodia teachers and unskilled workers are the group vulnerable to high inflation (Price on the market rises). Then, supposing wage is automatically adjust to this inflation then their purchasing power (real wage) will remain the same. So is there any such tool? The answer is yes. In the following, I will decribe about such tool and how it works.
What is the Automatic Stablizer? And what is its role? Beforehand, it is better to start what dose economic stabilization mean? In economic when we talk about stablization we are refering to a policy or mechanism from which we can cure economic while it is in downturn or keep it or accelerate it while it is on its growth phase. Let me give a very simple example, let say unemployment is high then to stablize government might increase government expenditure such as increase the employment of new teachers or constructing new public facilities and employ its own citizen. In technical economic whenever we talk about stabilization policy we always refer to two kinds of policy the Fiscal policy (Government Expenditure and Taxation) and Monatery Policy (Management of Money Supply, Exchange Rate and interest rate). These two policies are used to adjust the economic along with its growth cycle (recession and recovery).
Now, let turn to Automatic Stablizer, what is it? This word is nothing more than a tool for stabilize economic condition, however the word automatic add one feature to this tool. The word automatic here is used since this tool will automatically change when the economic condition change. Detail about this kind of stabilizer can be found in the text book of N. Gregory Mankiw, Macroeconomic. Let me give one example from his text book. Income tax is a good example. When economic growth, income will be higher and tax will also high but when economic is hit by recession income will be low and tax will also low. This kind of ajustment is automatically change with economic condition.
Let talk about our wage issue. We knew that although wage rise but if the price of good and commodity rise too then the level of living for worker is nothing change since their wage income is just enough or even not enough (if the inflation is higher than the rise in wage rate). Let suppose the labor law allow for let say 5% ajustment of wage rate with inflation rate. Then whenever, inflation increase by 1% wage will raise automatically by 5% to compansate for the inflation. This is a good example policy for automatic stabilizer.
In short, automatic stablizer is a mechanism where one variable is connected with economic indicator that change anually, monthy, weekly through a particular relationship. Another good example is the most sucessful anti-inflation policy implemented by US. Federal Bank of Chairman Paul Volcker in 1980s. His policy is money supply will be reduced in consideration with economic growth rate and inflation rate.
For, the situation in Cambodia we heard the government has raise the wage for teachers but the process is just like a static one. As the plan is implemented in phase and steps. A dynamic policy that change with time such as automatic stabilizer should be a good tool for government in solving problem of high inflation and wage issue.
Categories: Economics
EDC is a state-owned enterpise in Cambodia among few exisitng upto now. Although most industries has been privatized in Cambodia, there still few which is remained under the mangement of the government and most have became semi-state owned firm. A few enterprises to mention here are The railway industry, water supply and sewage system, post service and rubber plantation.
If we look at the electricity industry we would know that although there many suppliers which recieve license from Electricity Authority of Cambodia (EAC) to supply electricity in various province this industry is not yet satisfiied a competitive condition. That is to say, Most supplier still have some kind of monopoly power on price determination. In an overall view this industry can be classified as Oligopoly industry where most suppliers enaging in price leadership and follower (an implicit form of cartel where EDC is the leader I guess).
Today, I am going to talk about price discrimination apply by EDC. In this context, I am going to talk what is price discrimination? How firm form catagories of customer? and Why price discrimination is important for some kind of industry, such as electrecity or water supply?
First what is price discrimination? You must known that when paying the electricity bill there are catagories belong to different price. Usual customer will have to pay different price from factory or hotel one. Or in aviation and flight the economy class is different for business one. Even, at a small shop in Nagoya where I went to have my hair cut, labeled with high school student pay lesser than adult. Or Last but not least, when I used to come late and miss the subway and used the taxi. The charge for night time is different from day time. These examples would prove the meaning of price discrimination. Therefore, we can say that price discrimination is a process where firm classifies its market into different segements and apply different price for each respectively.
Next, I am going to explain how such catagorization is form? Theoritically, the catagory is formed based on its own demand pattern. Firm calssify market segement based on its price elsasticity of demand for each catagory. Elasticity is an indicator used to predict how price increase by 1 percent change quantities of demand. You can read the concept of price discrimination in many microeconomic text book such as The principle of microeconomics by Joseph. E. Stiglizt or the one of N. Gregory Mankiw, or the intermediate one by H. Valrian or the Advance one of his microeconomic analysis but I would recommend you the Microeconomics of Edwin Mansfield as it comes with simple application and target for general readers. Theoritically, the segement with inelastic (In elastic here means even though price change demand might not change much, a very good example for this is necessity goods such as rice) will be charge with higher price in compare with the elsatic one. That might be the reason that taxi at night time is quite expensive comparing with day time since at night time after subway close there is no sustitute for taxi then demand at night time is quite inelastic. The price at peak time would be higher than the normal one.
Now, let turn to EDC and see how many catagoiry it has? The demand for electricity has risen rapidly due to the increase of population, increase in economic activity such as factory, hotel, resautrans as well as migration into the cities hunting for job. You can find detail of demand for electricy at http://www.edc.com.kh/customers.html. The price and the catogory can be found in its report on its homepage.
How price are deremined in each class of buyer? As you would know firm set price with profit objective ahead. Then price is determined on the basis of Marignal cost, marginal revenue for each segement of buyers. It is firm strategy for its survival and growth.
The last part, I am going to explain why price discrimination is important for firm and existence of some industry? In some industry price discrimination is necessary for its existence. In industry such as electricity or water supply for sunk cost (cost of machine or fixed cost is higher) to recover for the cost large market is needed but demand for the whole market some time is not able to cover the cost. Luckily, some segement of the market might have high demand then firm can grow by impose high price for such segment and compansate for the other segement of lower demand. This strategy has been apply for post service industry in Japan after the privatization. We called cross-subsidy between class of buyers (In some isolated part of Japan, some kind of mail and package delivery are of almost no demand then post service facing deficit for its activity. By charging high price for some catagories of mail package and compansate for other catagory it will help to sustain the service).
Categories: Economics
Categories: Personal Folder
I never know but now I do know. it’s very difficult to say some words. It was really quite difficult to say but finally I said what I should say. The things I have been hiding for almost 1 year. There is nothing to hide you. My heart. Saying it is not enough but I promise you I will make it meaningful.
Categories: Personal Folder
Most people know that CPU is the heart of computer. It can be more than a heart but it is the brand of computer. You might just press a key on the keybord to instruct computer to execute something for you. But have you ever known? Do machine understand you instruction? Let say the future come! You just speak to computer “Make me a coffee!” (The chip is built inside the robot) will it undertand what you want it to do?
Today, I am going to write something about the process inside? The work of microprocessor where we called it CPU. Sorry, I left this field for almost 7 years, however some of my friends they are very good programmer. Except me I almost forget every things. They have produced lots of Khmer application software. May be some application you are using today! I still remember studying with them at RUPP. Yuth, Delux,Vanak, Sreang, Bang Mab and others. I was so proud we are the third generation to study computer engineering in Cambodia (Haha) but too sorry I left this field.
Let me start by introducing a base system. We human live in a system which we knowns as Decimal system (10-base) system. Decimal is a system of 10 digits where we use everyday including 0,1,2,…,9. However, there exist another world where people do not use this system. It is the machine world. It use only binary system (2-base) system which consist of 0 and 1. This might be familiar with you if you used to watch a film called Matrix. you will see only 1 and 0 runs and lives.
Then, how can machine undertand if I used different language (10-base) and it speak another different language (2-base)? We need a translator. The first programming language was developed call assembly language was developped for this purpose. However, long time before the its existence. The CPU which is a chip consisting of circuit base on logic operation (NOT,AND,OR,XOR,NOR) was developped. You have to design its on your own as most physist dose. The Assembly language help a lot. In the next centuries new programming language has been developped by famous sofware producer such as Microsoft, Apple, IBM and others. Such program are Turbo Pascal, Turbo C, Visual Basic, Visual C, C++, Java and others. Most have graphical tool to make machine underand human language.
Now, go back to inside machine. When you press a key, as machine use digital system then the key you press let say, you press key ‘A’. This ‘A’ is has been convert into digital consiting of 1 and 0 to be understood by machine. The system using to convert this ‘A’ is called ASCII code. Then next execution and operation in ALU (Arithmetic Logic Units) will process your instructions.
There exist not only the decimal and binary system. There exist other system called Hexadecimal system (16-base) which used to store data in storage device both external and internal. The famous storage device using this is RAM(Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read Only Memory) and BIOS (Basic Input Output System) used by CMOS.
Haha, my description may too much technical but this is may be a good dedicate for some friends we used to study to gether at RUPP in 1998. Good luck to you all! Although we have not meet for long.
Categories: IT and Computer
Today, I saw a beautiful sunset. I never know. Now, I knew. From a park near my house. I could see such a beautiful view. I pass by very often but did not pay attention. Sorry, I have not taken photo but it was so beautiful. While walking along the park, I stopped by and spent time watching it. Sun rises and sets. This is life. It rises and set but it lasts for long. Too long for me to see its end.
Categories: Personal Folder
I dont know why when I fall in love. I always lose the way back. I am in the middle of the sea. I am so much in love. Who will come and save me now? I have got an answer seriously hurt me. In deed, I have wish I could start in the right way, then I dont have to lose. I have told my Mum a lots about her hopefully we can get along but time comes and hurt me agains and agains. I plan to tell her directly the truth I hide inside, I just need the right time but now hopless come to me. But, it is ok.I will always wait. My promise will live and I will always be with her to support her and wish to see her smile as always. What ever the end will it be I am glad to accept it.
Categories: Personal Folder
In the sphere of economics, There exists three big brothers whose ideology has prevailed and survived through centuries. Let call them, The Big Threes. Who are they? They are Adam Smith, Karl Max and John Mayer Keyne. In the underlying paragraph, I am going to summarize their very influential magic and some of their everlasitng principles. I am not the narrator but this sound like telling a legend alike I used to listen during Prof. Takeuchi’s and Prof. Yanagihara lecture. You can find the detail on this topic by reading many text books with title, The History of Economic Though. Now, let start.
Once upon a time, may be when human gained knowledge on how to produce and how to trade. Plantation, farming, and hunting as well as communication are necessary for life.
The story began with religion. The idea of economics and religion, where most economist named it, The Physocrat. King was regarded as the representative of god and people have the role to supply and respect his power. They produce and offer for the king. They are obligated to pay tax.
Not long ago, but long enough, the Mercantilism was born. After faudalism power lessend and dissatisfaction of higher tax imposed. Power remain in the hand of group of people. The concept of mercantilist is gold or bullionism is the most precious value. Mercantilist try to promote gold inflow and impose restriction again export of gold. The rulers, impose quota on import from foreign to avoid out flow of gold. However, people do not consume gold they need to consume other kinds of goods. Mercantislm is every much extreem form of government intervention.
Now, the first brother appeared. It appeared with a very famous pinoneer, Adam Smith. To most economic student, Adams smith come with Invisible Hand. His famous, publication is The Wealth of Nation. What is invisible hand. There nothing more than the simple human hand but the word invisible hand refer to hand with specialization. Every body has their own skill and they specialized in one particular skill. It would lead to welfare improvement for all. As quality of goods and service would be accesible when everyone produce their specialize products and trade with one another. In technical economic the invisible hand is the price mechanism that adjusts demand and supply to satisfy all people who seek to satisfy their needs. Price will rise or fall to reflect shortage or excess supply and demand. What Adam Smith and his follower such as David Ricardo, Multhus, John Start Mill and other beleive is price is flexible and market is always clear. This group of economist form a school call Classical Economist. To the extreem point, Classical beleive that supply determined demand. Market is always clear. Unemployment of labor market is just in the short run. In the long run, after the wage contract expired wage will adjust to equilibrate demand and supply of labor.
After the first world war 1929, great depression noted by over production and the destruction of war has brought poverty and less income. Unemployment rose as firm could not sell the product they prouduced they decided to lay off workers. The world experience depression. In U.S, Black Friday is used to note the collape of banking as investors who are customer defaut the banks. Then, our second brother came. He said, the government has role to rebuild and cure this economy. His named is Keynes, his group is called Keynsian school.What is the fundamental idea behind his school? He said government can play role to increase job by increase government expenditure. Public investment, and state-owned enteprise will bring job and reduce employment. Tax reduction, encourage and offer incentive for high consumption and make economics revive. For most economic student including me, while studying his model, developped by John Hick, on IS-LM model whose tools rely on Fiscal and Monatery Policy, we all realized such great tool to stabilize economy in the short run. I remeber One of my friend, His name, Dyna, who currently studying at Hitosubashi University and Just won a famous Japanese essay prize, once rephrased on Keynsian words, that In the long run we all are dead. Then, in the short run we need government.
The Thrid Brother where we always ignore him and very famous for communsit block is Karl Max. In chronological order of time, his idear came before Keyne.His philosphy is much agaist Capitalism. He viewed Capitalist (merchant) is exploiting worker. He would prefere equality and common benefit share by all class. Elimination of capitalist class is the extreme revoulation he wait to see. But the planning economy, represented by collapsed of Soviet Union in the eariler centuries has weaken his philosophy. Usually, we talked only about Classic and Keynes exlude Marxist (Polictical scholar like one of my brother Bang Un saman might study all kind of philopsophy).
Our three brothers passed aways but his philosophy still remain and his next generation on a strong diverge between Classical (Market Clear, Flexible Price, Long Run) and Keynesian (Market is not always clear, Sticky Price, Short Run). Where is the world now? Keynsian is famous but his stage had ended with oil crisis in 1960s, too much government intervention spoiled the market. State-owned enteprise is not as much as efficient as the private one. The son of Classical called Neo-classical said Keynsian fail to explain the stagflation of oil shock and find solution for the crisis. Follower by some Monetarist such as Milton Friendman of Chigago, prefere the goverment to increase money supply in a continuous along side with economic growth indicator. Nevertherless, the son of Keynese, namely, Neo-Keynsian try to argue against his opponent in favor of his father with many new model and reason.
So, which one is the most prominent? Who is the winner? We can not say any one is better than other. The debate between the two groups is on the short run and long run and on the degree of government intervention. Although, the debate can not coverge but we would know that we all want a welfare imporvement for both in the short run and in the long run. May be you also, care for your son or grand son if you are not selfish (sell fish) as most Buhdist Cambodian.
This passage is written by me. All idea are just a colleciton of text books I have read. Therefore, all errors will remain responsible by me.
Categories: Economics
Yesterday, we had a wonderful year end party. It is now 2008, I am becoming one year older. My hair is now becoming white. Here, most friends said I am so quiet but I can’t help it is my nature. Yesterday, I noticed most of my friends here they looked so happy. One of my best friend sang a beautiful song while another performed a very nice show. Except me, I have nothing to show them. Beautiful smile and happy life is what I wish to see and always. Especially, I hope I can see the smile of my special just like I saw it yesterday, I do want to see her happy. Yesterday, I haven’t said much that why I post this message on my blog . You may be strange that so far, I only write about academic. Too much academic sometime is very stressfull. I hope new year will bring us sucess in study, job and love.
Categories: Personal Folder
